Geological & Earth Sciences Research Guide: About Geology

The interplay between Geology and Biology has shaped the Earth from the early Precambrian, 3.8 billion years ago. The Encyclopedia of Geobiology is designed as a key reference for students, researchers, teachers, and the informed public to provide basic, but comprehensible knowledge on this rapidly expanding dicipline at the interface between modern geo- and biosciences.

Lakes and reservoirs hold about 90% of the world's surface fresh water. The book contributes to the physical, chemical and ecological characteristics of lakes and reservoirs as well as describing their uses and environmental state trends in different parts of the world. Over 80 scientists from over 25 countries have contributed to the over 200 entries in a wide range of topics including acidification, artificialisation, biology, canals, climate change effects, chemicals, dams, dew ponds, drainage, ecological, eutrofication, evaporation, fisheries, geographical, geological, hydrological, hydro-electric power, nutrients, organic pollution, paleolimnology, reservoir capacities and depths, sedimentation and water resources.

While the human imprint is becoming increasingly apparent, Earth's climate has shifted dramatically and frequently during the last few million years, alternating between ice ages, when vast glaciers covered Northern Europe and much of North America, and interglacial warm periods much like today. The Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments, a companion volume to the recently-published Encyclopedia of World Climatology, provides the reader with an entry point to the rapidly expanding field of paleoclimatology, the study of climates of the past. The encyclopedia offers 230 informative articles written by over 200 well known international experts on numerous subjects, ranging from classical geological evidence to the latest research.

The Encyclopedia of Soil Science provides a comprehensive, alphabetical treatment of basic soil science in a single volume. It constitutes a wide ranging and authorative collection of some 160 academic articles covering the salient aspects of soil physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, technology, genesis, morphology, classification and geomorphology. With increased usage of soil for world food production, building materials, and waste repositories, demand has grown for a better global understanding of soil and its processes.

This new edition, edited by Prof. Harsh K. Gupta, represents a thoroughly revised and expanded reference work. It brings together more than 200 articles covering established and new concepts of Geophysics across the various sub-disciplines such as Gravity, Geodesy, Geomagnetism, Seismology, Seismics, Deep Earth Processes, Plate Tectonics, Thermal Domains, Computational Methods, etc. in a systematic and consistent format and standard. It is an authoritative and current reference source with extraordinary width of scope. It draws its unique strength from the expert contributions of editors and authors across the globe.

This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry.

No other reference work exists in the area of Geomorphology that offers the breadth and depth of information contained in this 14-volume work.

The editors are leaders in their fields of expertise, as distinguished a group of geophysicists as could be assembled on the planet. They know well the topics that had to be covered to achieve the breadth and depth required by the Treatise, and they know who were the best of their colleagues to write on each subject. The volumes of the Treatise are: Volume 1: Seismology and Structure of the Earth Volume 2: Mineral Physics Volume 3: Geodesy Volume 4: Earthquake Seismology Volume 5: Geomagnetism Volume 6: Crustal and Lithosphere Dynamics Volume 7: Mantle Dynamics Volume 8: Core Dynamics Volume 9: Evolution of the Earth Volume 10: Planets and Moons An eleventhnbsp;volume of the Treatise provides a comprehensive index.